
Margin Of Safety
- 47 installs
- 65 repo stars
- Updated April 17, 2026
- kangarooking/buffett-letters-skill
Apply a discount to intrinsic value to account for valuation uncertainty.
About
Only buy when price is meaningfully below estimated intrinsic value. Margin of safety protects against miscalculation and market downturns.
- Valuation discount methodology
- Downside protection
Margin Of Safety by the numbers
- 47 all-time installs (skills.sh)
- +1 installs in the week ending Aug 2, 2026 (Skillselion tracking)
- Ranked #598 of 1,106 Finance & Trading skills by installs in the Skillselion catalog
- Data as of Aug 5, 2026 (Skillselion catalog sync)
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| Installs | 47 |
|---|---|
| repo stars | ★ 65 |
| Last updated | April 17, 2026 |
| Repository | kangarooking/buffett-letters-skill ↗ |
What it does
Apply a discount to intrinsic value to account for valuation uncertainty.
Files
安全边际
R — 原文 (Reading)
"This substantial excess of value creates a comfortable margin of safety in each transaction. This individual margin of safety, coupled with a diversity of commitments creates a most attractive package of safety and appreciation potential."
>
— Warren Buffett, 1961年信
I — 方法论骨架 (Interpretation)
安全边际是"买入前的保护垫":买入价格必须大幅低于你评估的价值,这个差额就是安全边际。
- 安全边际 ≠ 止损线(止损是买入后的风控,安全边际是买入前的保护)
- 安全边际 ≠ 分散投资(安全边际在单个投资层面提供保护,分散是第二层)
- 安全边际的大小应与不确定性成正比——越不确定,要求越大的安全边际
- 安全边际让你在判断出错时仍可能不亏钱
A1 — 书中的应用
案例: Washington Post 1973年
- 问题: 股价大跌,是否买入?
- 使用: 以约1/4内在价值买入——安全边际高达75%
- 结果: 即使估值有误,75%的缓冲也足以保护本金;实际回报数十倍
A2 — 触发场景
1. 准备买入一个资产但估值不太确定 2. 分析一个"看起来便宜"的机会 3. 在下跌市场中考虑加仓 4. 评估一个投资的最大可能亏损
语言信号
- "万一我判断错了怎么办?"
- "这个价格跌到多少我才安全?"
- "下行风险有多大?"
- "需要多大的折扣才值得买?"
与相邻 skill 的区分
- 与
circle-of-competence的区别:能力圈问"我能不能判断价值",安全边际问"判断错了怎么办" - 与
no-leverage的区别:不用杠杆是绝对底线,安全边际是每个投资的具体保护
E — 可执行步骤
1. 估算内在价值的区间(不是点估计)
- 完成标准:给出悲观/中性/乐观三个场景的价值估计
2. 计算当前价格的安全边际
- 完成标准:(内在价值下限 - 当前价格) / 内在价值下限 = 安全边际百分比
- 判停:如果安全边际 < 你的最低要求(建议≥25%)→ 不行动
3. 与不确定性匹配
- 完成标准:不确定性高的投资要求更大安全边际(建议≥40%)
B — 边界
- 安全边际不是万能的——纺织业有安全边际但行业衰退使价值归零
- 安全边际不保护"买了错误行业"的风险——需要结合能力圈和护城河
- 对高确定性+高成长企业,安全边际可能很小但投资仍然合理
- 作者盲点:巴菲特早期过度依赖安全边际(雪茄蒂策略),后来认识到企业质量更重要
---
相关 skills (阶段 3 填充)
- depends-on: circle-of-competence, aesop-three-questions
- composes-with: fear-and-greed, mr-market
审计信息
- 验证通过: V1 ✓ / V2 ✓ / V3 ✓
- 蒸馏时间: 2026-04-16
{
"skill": "margin-of-safety",
"version": "0.1.0",
"source_book": "《巴菲特致股东的信》 — 沃伦·巴菲特",
"darwin_compatible": true,
"test_cases": [
{
"id": "should-trigger-01",
"type": "should_trigger",
"prompt": "我算出来内在价值是100,现在价格95,可以买吗",
"expected_behavior": "应激活 margin-of-safety,指出5%的安全边际不足,需要更大的折扣",
"notes": "安全边际不足的典型场景"
},
{
"id": "should-trigger-02",
"type": "should_trigger",
"prompt": "万一我估值错了怎么办,有没有什么保护",
"expected_behavior": "应激活 margin-of-safety,解释安全边际就是为估值错误留的缓冲",
"notes": "直接询问保护机制"
},
{
"id": "should-trigger-03",
"type": "should_trigger",
"prompt": "这个投资下行空间有多大,我能承受多少亏损",
"expected_behavior": "应激活 margin-of-safety,引导计算最大损失并建立缓冲",
"notes": "下行风险评估"
},
{
"id": "should-not-trigger-01",
"type": "should_not_trigger",
"prompt": "帮我分析一下市场趋势",
"expected_behavior": "不应激活本skill,这是市场趋势分析而非下行保护评估",
"notes": "诱饵:趋势分析≠安全边际"
},
{
"id": "should-not-trigger-02",
"type": "should_not_trigger",
"prompt": "这个公司有没有护城河",
"expected_behavior": "不应激活本skill,这是竞争分析(economic-moat领域)",
"notes": "诱饵:竞争优势≠价格保护"
},
{
"id": "edge-01",
"type": "edge_case",
"prompt": "安全边际够大但这个行业在衰退",
"expected_behavior": "应指出安全边际不是万能的——行业衰退可能让'便宜'变得更便宜",
"notes": "边界:安全边际的局限性"
}
],
"minimum_pass_rate": 0.8
}
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