Godot Game Loop Collection

class_name CollectibleItem
extends Area3D

## A base class for items that can be collected (e.g., Hidden Eggs).
## Must be an Area3D or Area2D (Node type can be adapted).

# The ID this item belongs to (e.g., "red_egg_2024")
@export var collection_id: String = "easter_egg"

# If true, the item is removed from the scene upon collection.
@export var consume_on_collect: bool = true

# Optional: Sound or Particle effect to spawn on collection.
@export var vfx_on_collect: PackedScene

# Signal: Emitted when collected, providing the ID to the Manager.
signal item_collected(id: String)

func _ready() -> void:
	body_entered.connect(_on_body_entered)

func _on_body_entered(body: Node) -> void:
	# Assume 'body' is the player.
	# In a real game, check: if body.is_in_group("player")
	collect()

func collect() -> void:
	# 1. Play feedback (Audio/VFX)
	if vfx_on_collect:
		var vfx = vfx_on_collect.instantiate()
		get_parent().add_child(vfx)
		vfx.global_position = global_position
	
	# 2. Notify Manager
	# The Manager should listen to this signal via manual connection of `get_tree().get_nodes_in_group("collectibles")`
	# OR simpler: Use a global signal bus.
	# Here, we emit locally. A manager would connect to this instance if spawned dynamically.
	item_collected.emit(collection_id)
	
	# 3. Destroy
	if consume_on_collect:
		queue_free()

class_name CollectionCompass
extends Sprite2D

## Spatial Radar/Compass for tracking collectibles.
## Rotates the sprite to point towards the nearest or targeted collectible.

@export var search_group: StringName = &"collectible"
@export var rotation_speed: float = 10.0

var target_collectible: Node2D

func _process(delta: float) -> void:
	# Find nearest collectible if we don't have a target
	if not is_instance_valid(target_collectible):
		target_collectible = _find_nearest_collectible()
	
	if is_instance_valid(target_collectible):
		# Calculate the target rotation using look_at or direction_to
		var target_pos = target_collectible.global_position
		var angle_to_target = get_angle_to(target_pos)
		
		# Smoothly rotate towards the target
		rotation += angle_to_target * rotation_speed * delta

func _find_nearest_collectible() -> Node2D:
	var collectibles = get_tree().get_nodes_in_group(search_group)
	var nearest: Node2D = null
	var min_dist = INF
	
	for c in collectibles:
		if c is Node2D:
			var dist = global_position.distance_to(c.global_position)
			if dist < min_dist:
				min_dist = dist
				nearest = c
	
	return nearest

# collection_loop_patterns.gd
extends Node

# 1. Custom MainLoop Extension
# EXPERT NOTE: Extends the absolute lowest level of the engine loop, bypassing the SceneTree entirely.
# Use for high-performance systems or custom engine drivers.
# class_name CustomMainLoop extends MainLoop
# var time_elapsed := 0.0
# func _process(delta: float) -> bool:
#     time_elapsed += delta
#     return Input.is_key_pressed(KEY_ESCAPE) # Returns true to quit the game loop.

# 2. State Machine Pattern Matching
# EXPERT NOTE: Uses Godot 4's advanced match statement for clean state management.
func process_game_state(state: StringName) -> void:
    match state:
        &"playing", &"paused":
            print("Game is active.")
        &"loading":
            print("Transitioning...")
        _:
            push_warning("Unknown state.")

# 3. Proper SceneTree Pausing
# EXPERT NOTE: Halts all nodes that have their process_mode set to inherit/pausable.
func toggle_pause() -> void:
    get_tree().paused = not get_tree().paused

# 4. Awaiting Physics Synchronization
# EXPERT NOTE: Yields execution cleanly until the engine completes the current physics frame.
# Crucial for logic that depends on the latest physics server state.
func sync_with_physics() -> void:
    await get_tree().physics_frame

# 5. Deferred Scene Switching
# EXPERT NOTE: Queues a function to execute safely during the engine's idle time.
func end_level(path: String) -> void:
    call_deferred(&"_deferred_goto_scene", path)
    
func _deferred_goto_scene(path: String) -> void:
    if get_tree().current_scene:
        get_tree().current_scene.free()
    var next_scene = ResourceLoader.load(path) as PackedScene
    var instance = next_scene.instantiate()
    get_tree().root.add_child(instance)
    get_tree().current_scene = instance

# 6. Global Event Broadcasting via Groups
# EXPERT NOTE: Immediately calls a method on all nodes registered to a specific group.
func reset_all_entities() -> void:
    get_tree().call_group(&"entities", &"reset_state")

# 7. Safe Node Casting for State Transitions
# EXPERT NOTE: Uses the 'as' keyword for safe type casting, returning null if the cast fails.
func handle_body_collision(body: Node) -> void:
    var player := body as CharacterBody2D
    if player:
        player.set_physics_process(false) # Example state change

# 8. Asynchronous Threaded Loading
# EXPERT NOTE: Loads heavy game states in the background without freezing the main thread.
func preload_level(path: String) -> void:
    ResourceLoader.load_threaded_request(path)

# 9. Polling Async Load Status
# EXPERT NOTE: Retrieves the background loaded state safely after polling status.
func fetch_loaded_level(path: String) -> PackedScene:
    if ResourceLoader.load_threaded_get_status(path) == ResourceLoader.THREAD_LOAD_LOADED:
        return ResourceLoader.load_threaded_get(path) as PackedScene
    return null

# 10. Frame Throttling / Modulo Processing
# EXPERT NOTE: Throttles heavy loop calculations by only executing every Nth frame.
func _process(_delta: float) -> void:
    if Engine.get_process_frames() % 5 == 0:
        # Run expensive logic (e.g., distant AI, non-critical UI updates)
        pass

class_name CollectionManager
extends Node

## A manager for tracking collection objectives (e.g., "Find 5/5 Red Eggs").
## Can handle multiple active collections via dictionary tracking.

# Emitted when progress is made: (collection_id, current_count, target_count)
signal collection_updated(id: String, current: int, target: int)

# Emitted when a specific collection is finished
signal collection_completed(id: String)

# Data structure: { "collection_id": { "current": 0, "target": 10 } }
var _active_collections: Dictionary = {}

func start_collection(id: String, target_count: int) -> void:
	_active_collections[id] = {
		"current": 0, 
		"target": target_count
	}
	# Initial update
	collection_updated.emit(id, 0, target_count)

func register_item_collection(id: String) -> void:
	if not _active_collections.has(id):
		# Optional: Auto-start if not explicit? Better to require start() for explicit control.
		# For now, we ignore items that aren't part of an active quest to avoid spam.
		return

	var data = _active_collections[id]
	data["current"] += 1
	
	collection_updated.emit(id, data["current"], data["target"])
	
	if data["current"] >= data["target"]:
		collection_completed.emit(id)
		# Optional: remove from active? Or keep for archival?
		# Keeping it allows UI to query "10/10" states.

func get_progress(id: String) -> Dictionary:
	return _active_collections.get(id, {"current": 0, "target": 0})

class_name HiddenItemSpawner
extends Node3D

## Automates the placement of collectible items in a level.
## Useful for "100 Eggs" hunts where manual placement is tedious.

# The item scene to spawn (must be a CollectibleItem or similar)
@export var item_scene: PackedScene

# List of Marker3D nodes to use as spawn points.
# If empty, random spawning inside collision volume loop logic would require specific shape data.
@export var spawn_points: Array[Node3D] = []

# Chance (0.0 to 1.0) to spawn an item at each point.
@export_range(0.0, 1.0) var spawn_chance: float = 0.5

# Total limit of items to spawn. 0 = No limit.
@export var max_spawn_count: int = 0

func _ready() -> void:
	spawn_items()

func spawn_items() -> void:
	if not item_scene:
		push_warning("HiddenItemSpawner: No item_scene assigned.")
		return
		
	var available_points = spawn_points.duplicate()
	
	# If no manual points, try to find collision shapes to use as volumes
	if available_points.is_empty():
		for child in get_children():
			if child is CollisionShape3D:
				available_points.append(child)

	if available_points.is_empty():
		push_warning("HiddenItemSpawner: No spawn points or collision shapes found!")
		return
		
	available_points.shuffle()
	
	var spawned_count = 0
	for point_node in available_points:
		if max_spawn_count > 0 and spawned_count >= max_spawn_count:
			break
			
		if randf() > spawn_chance:
			continue
			
		# Determine position
		var pos = point_node.global_position
		if point_node is CollisionShape3D:
			pos = _get_random_point_in_shape(point_node)
			
		_spawn_at(pos)
		spawned_count += 1

func _get_random_point_in_shape(shape_node: CollisionShape3D) -> Vector3:
	var shape = shape_node.shape
	if not shape:
		return shape_node.global_position
		
	var local_point = Vector3.ZERO
	
	if shape is BoxShape3D:
		var s = shape.size
		local_point = Vector3(
			randf_range(-s.x / 2.0, s.x / 2.0),
			randf_range(-s.y / 2.0, s.y / 2.0),
			randf_range(-s.z / 2.0, s.z / 2.0)
		)
	elif shape is SphereShape3D:
		# Random point inside sphere (volume)
		var r = shape.radius * pow(randf(), 1.0/3.0)
		local_point = Vector3.random_on_unit_sphere() * r
		
	return shape_node.to_global(local_point)

func _spawn_at(pos: Vector3) -> void:
	var item = item_scene.instantiate()
	add_child(item)
	item.global_position = pos