Entra Agent User

# SKILL: Creating Agent Users in Microsoft Entra Agent ID

## Overview

An **agent user** is a specialized user identity in Microsoft Entra ID that enables AI agents to act as digital workers. It allows agents to access APIs and services that strictly require user identities (e.g., Exchange mailboxes, Teams, org charts), while maintaining appropriate security boundaries.

Agent users receive tokens with `idtyp=user`, unlike regular agent identities which receive `idtyp=app`.

---

## Prerequisites

- A **Microsoft Entra tenant** with Agent ID capabilities
- An **agent identity** (service principal of type `ServiceIdentity`) created from an **agent identity blueprint**
- One of the following **permissions**:
  - `AgentIdUser.ReadWrite.IdentityParentedBy` (least privileged)
  - `AgentIdUser.ReadWrite.All`
  - `User.ReadWrite.All`
- The caller must have at minimum the **Agent ID Administrator** role (in delegated scenarios)

> **Important:** The `identityParentId` must reference a true agent identity (created via an agent identity blueprint), NOT a regular application service principal. You can verify by checking that the service principal has `@odata.type: #microsoft.graph.agentIdentity` and `servicePrincipalType: ServiceIdentity`.

---

## Architecture

```
Agent Identity Blueprint (application template)
    │
    ├── Agent Identity (service principal - ServiceIdentity)
    │       │
    │       └── Agent User (user - agentUser) ← 1:1 relationship
    │
    └── Agent Identity Blueprint Principal (service principal in tenant)
```

| Component | Type | Token Claim | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agent Identity | Service Principal | `idtyp=app` | Backend/API operations |
| Agent User | User (`agentUser`) | `idtyp=user` | Act as a digital worker in M365 |

---

## Step 1: Verify the Agent Identity Exists

Before creating an agent user, confirm the agent identity is a proper `agentIdentity` type:

```http
GET https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/servicePrincipals/{agent-identity-id}
Authorization: Bearer <token>
```

Verify the response contains:
```json
{
  "@odata.type": "#microsoft.graph.agentIdentity",
  "servicePrincipalType": "ServiceIdentity",
  "agentIdentityBlueprintId": "<blueprint-id>"
}
```

### PowerShell

```powershell
Connect-MgGraph -Scopes "Application.Read.All" -TenantId "<tenant>" -UseDeviceCode -NoWelcome
Invoke-MgGraphRequest -Method GET `
  -Uri "https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/servicePrincipals/<agent-identity-id>" | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 3
```

> **Common mistake:** Using an app registration's `appId` or a regular application service principal's `id` will fail. Only agent identities created from blueprints work.

---

## Step 2: Create the Agent User

### HTTP Request

```http
POST https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/users/microsoft.graph.agentUser
Content-Type: application/json
Authorization: Bearer <token>

{
  "accountEnabled": true,
  "displayName": "My Agent User",
  "mailNickname": "my-agent-user",
  "userPrincipalName": "my-agent-user@yourtenant.onmicrosoft.com",
  "identityParentId": "<agent-identity-object-id>"
}
```

### Required Properties

| Property | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| `accountEnabled` | Boolean | `true` to enable the account |
| `displayName` | String | Human-friendly name |
| `mailNickname` | String | Mail alias (no spaces/special chars) |
| `userPrincipalName` | String | UPN — must be unique in the tenant (`alias@verified-domain`) |
| `identityParentId` | String | Object ID of the parent agent identity |

### PowerShell

```powershell
Connect-MgGraph -Scopes "User.ReadWrite.All" -TenantId "<tenant>" -UseDeviceCode -NoWelcome

$body = @{
  accountEnabled    = $true
  displayName       = "My Agent User"
  mailNickname      = "my-agent-user"
  userPrincipalNa